Inbuilt function for String Processing :-
NOTE : All Inbuilt Function of String need string.h library.
1. strcpy(Target_String , Source_String ) :-
This function will take 2 string as argument one is Target_String and another is Source_String,
this function will copy Source_String into Target_String.
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[15] = "Vipin Yadav";
char B[15] = "- - - - -";
printf("Value of A and B before calling function. nn");
puts(A);
puts(B);
strcpy(B,A);
// It will copy A in B as you can see in Output.
printf("nValue of A and B after calling function. nn");
puts(A);
puts(B);
return 0;
}
Output:-
Value of A and B before calling function. Vipin Yadav - - - - - Value of A and B after calling function. Vipin Yadav Vipin Yadav
2. strncpy(Target_String , Source_String ) :-
This function will take 2 string as argument one is Target_String and another is Source_String,
just like strcpy() this function will copy n letters from Source_String into Target_String,
and it do not affect reaming part of string.
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[15] = "Vipin Yadav";
char B[15] = "- - - - -";
printf("Value of A and B before calling function. nn");
puts(A);
puts(B);
strncpy(B,A,5);
// It will copy A in B but upto n characters and don't disturb other values of B.
printf("nValue of A and B after calling function. nn");
puts(A);
puts(B);
return 0;
}
Output:-
Value of A and B before calling function. Vipin Yadav - - - - - Value of A and B after calling function. Vipin Yadav Vipin - -
3. strcat(Target_String , Source_String ) :-
This function is used to concatenate Source_String just after Target_String or we can say to append Source_String with Target_String.
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[20] = " Vipin Yadav";
char B[20] = "-->";
printf("Value of A and B before calling function. nn");
puts(A);
puts(B);
strcat(B,A);
// It will append B with A
printf("nValue of A and B after calling function. nn");
puts(A);
puts(B);
return 0;
}
Output:-
Value of A and B before calling function. Vipin Yadav --> Value of A and B after calling function. Vipin Yadav --> Vipin Yadav
4. strncat(Target_String , Source_String ) :-
This function is used to concatenate Source_String just after Target_String or we can say to append Source_String, with Target_String but here we can limit that how much letters you want to append.
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[20] = " Vipin Yadav";
char B[20] = "-->";
printf("Value of A and B before calling function. nn");
puts(A);
puts(B);
strncat(B,A,5);
// It will append B with A upto 5 le tters
printf("nValue of A and B after calling function. nn");
puts(A);
puts(B);
return 0;
}
Output:-
Value of A and B before calling function. Vipin Yadav --> Value of A and B after calling function. Vipin Yadav --> Vipi ( Don't mess with ' ' before V :;)
5. strcmp( First_String , Second_String ) :-
This function will take 2 Stings as argument and return a>0 value if First_String is,
greater( not on the basic of length 🙂 ) and return <0 if Second_String is greater and
return 0 If both are Equal.
NOTE : strcmp() IS CASE SENSITIVE
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[20] = "aaaa";
char B[20] = "AAAA";
int x;
x = strcmp(A,B);
if ( x == 0 )
printf("Both Stings are Equal.");
else if ( x == 1 )
printf("First Stings is greater.");
else // mean strcmp() return -1
printf("Second Stings is greater.");
return 0;
}
Output:-
Second Stings is greater.
5. stricmp( First_String , Second_String ) or strcmpi( First_String , Second_String ) :-
This function will take 2 Stings as argument and return a>0 value if First_String is,
greater( not on the basic of length 🙂 ) and return <0 if Second_String is greater and
return 0 If both are Equal.
NOTE : stricmp() or strcmpi() IS NOT CASE SENSITIVE
AND THIS FUNCTION IS NOT FROM STANDERD LIBRARY OF C LANGUAGE SO IT WILL NOT WORK IN SOME
COMPILERS LIKE IN LINUX/UNIX .
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[20] = "aaaa";
char B[20] = "AAAA";
int x;
x = strcmpi();
if ( x == 0 )
printf("Both Stings are Equal.");
else if ( x == 1 )
printf("First Stings is greater.");
else // mean strcmp() return -1
printf("Second Stings is greater.");
return 0;
}
Output:-
Both Stings are Equal.
6. strlen( String ) :-
This function will take a String as argument and return it’s length.
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[20] = "aaaa";
int x;
x = strlen(A);
printf("Length of A is %d.",x);
return 0;
}
Output:-
Length of A is 4.
7. strlwr( String ) :-
This function of C language will convert all alphabets of String in lowercase.
NOTE: THIS FUNCTION IS NOT FROM STANDARD LIBRARY OF C LANGUAGE SO IT WILL NOT WORK IN SOME COMPILERS LIKE IN LINUX/UNIX .
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[20] = "AAAA";
strlwr(A);
puts(A);
return 0;
}
Output:-
aaaa
8. strupr( String ) :-
This function of C language will convet all alphabets of String in uppercase.
NOTE: THIS FUNCTION IS NOT FROM STANDARD LIBRARY OF C LANGUAGE SO IT WILL NOT WORK IN SOME
COMPILERS LIKE IN LINUX/UNIX .
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[20] = "aaaa";
strupr(A);
puts(A);
return 0;
}
Output:-
AAAA
9. strset( String , character ) :-
This function will change hole string with a character you give,
means It take 2 argument a string and a character and replace hole string with that character.
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[20] = "Vipin";
char C = 'V';
strset(A,C);
puts(A);
return 0;
}
Output:-
VVVVV
10. strnset( String , character , n ) :-
This function will change hole string with a character you give but upto a limit,
means It take 3 argument a string and a character and a integer and replace hole string with that character,
till n .
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[20] = "Vipin";
char C = 'V';
strnset(A,C,3);
puts(A);
return 0;
}
Output:-
VVVin
11. strspm( String1 , String2 ) :-
This function will take 2 string as argument and return the number of characters
in the initial segment of String1 which consist only of characters from String2.
e.g.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char A[] = "Vipin is my name";
char C[] = "Vipin";
int x;
x = strspn(A,C);
printf("String C matches In String A till %d.",x);
return 0;
}
Output:-
String C matches In String A till 5.
One function is there name strstr()
we will learn it when we learn about pointers.
Programming 
The function you call in the convert to lower case code section should be strlwr instead of strupr?
Long post! Nice 🙂
Keep writing
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Thank you Jason Braganza, I will correct it right now 🙂
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